Fm 31 28 Fouo Special Forces Advanced Urban Combat 1 December 1999 25 !full! Site

FM 31-28 Special Forces Advanced Urban Combat (SFAUC) is a restricted U.S. Army Field Manual that codifies the specialized tactics and techniques required for elite units to operate in complex city environments. Published on December 1, 1999, this manual marked a pivotal shift in Special Operations Forces (SOF) doctrine, moving away from broad unconventional warfare to high-intensity, precision urban operations. Historical Significance & Intent

Note: While the document was originally classified FOUO, many of its specific tactical techniques (TTPs) have since been superseded by modern doctrine (such as ATP 3-21.8 or TC 3-21.76). This article discusses the manual from a historical and doctrinal evolution perspective. FM 31-28 Special Forces Advanced Urban Combat (SFAUC)

• Clearing buildings: Techniques for clearing buildings, including room clearing, stairwell clearing, and roof clearing.
• Urban navigation: Techniques for navigating urban terrain, including map reading, route planning, and use of landmarks.
• Concealment and cover: Techniques for using concealment and cover in urban environments, including use of buildings, walls, and other features.
• Close quarters combat: Techniques for close quarters combat in urban environments, including use of firearms, hand-to-hand combat, and less-lethal options.

The SFAUC course is now a recurring requirement for Green Berets, ensuring that even veteran teams stay current with evolving enemy tactics. By standardizing the "how" of urban raids, FM 31-28 has directly contributed to the success of Special Forces in global counter-terrorism operations and complex urban environments like those seen in Iraq and Afghanistan. The SFAUC course is now a recurring requirement

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Force Protection & Equipment: Use of night vision devices (NVDs), specialized weapons accessories, and tactical climbing gear. Classification and Distribution specialized weapons accessories