Protein Energy Malnutrition Ppt |work| -

Here’s a structured guide to create a “Protein-Energy Malnutrition (PEM)” PowerPoint presentation, including slide-by-slide content, design tips, and key points to cover.

Biological Needs: Rapid growth phases in infants or increased needs during illness (like infections or pneumonia) can trigger PEM if the diet doesn't keep up. Protein Energy Malnutrition Ppt

Slide 16: Summary

• PEM = deficiency of protein and calories
• Two main forms: Marasmus (wasting) vs. Kwashiorkor (edema + skin changes)
• Leading cause of immune deficiency in children globally
• Management = WHO 10 Steps (correct metabolic abnormalities FIRST, then feed)
• Prevention is key: Breastfeeding, vaccination, nutrition education

Slide 3: Definition & Overview

• PEM: Deficiency of protein and energy (calories)
• Ranges from mild to severe
• Most common in children <5 years in low-resource settings
• Two classic forms:
  • Edema: Bilateral pitting edema (starts in feet/legs, can become generalized).
  • "Moon face" (rounded face due to edema).
  • Skin changes: Dermatosis, peeling skin, depigmentation ("flaky paint" rash).
  • Hair changes: Dry, brittle, and dyspigmented (reddish/yellowish).
  • Apathetic, irritable, and anorexic (refuses food).
  • Hepatomegaly (enlarged fatty liver).

  Slide 12: Diagnostic Evaluation

  • Anthropometry: Weight-for-height, MUAC (<11.5 cm severe)
  • Labs: CBC, albumin, electrolytes, glucose, LFTs
  • Screen for infections: Malaria, UTI, TB, HIV
  • Stool: parasites
  • Rule out other causes of edema (renal, cardiac, hepatic)
  • Slide 4 & 5 Concept: Clinical Features. Use a side-by-side comparison chart.