Reyner Banham’s seminal 1955 essay, "The New Brutalism," defined a shift toward a raw, honest modernism characterized by memorability, exposed structure, and materials used "as found". The article, which acted as a manifesto against "New Empiricism," advocated for technological transparency and structural integrity. Access the text via the Architectural Review Archive. Reyner Banham from “The New Brutalism” 1955
Banham didn't just see a new style; he saw a moral shift. In his 1955 article, he laid out three pillars that defined New Brutalist buildings, such as the Hunstanton Secondary School by Alison and Peter Smithson: Memorability as an Image reyner banham the new brutalism pdf fixed
The New Brutalism by Reyner Banham - The Architectural Review Reyner Banham’s seminal 1955 essay, "The New Brutalism,"